Stroke patients in an acute stroke unit show little physical, social and cognitive activity

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Stroke survivors who are in an Acute Stroke Unit (ASU) have been found to spend the majority of their day inactive and alone, with little information available regarding cognitive or social engagement. Since these studies, growing evidence indicates that stroke survivors should be active as early and frequently as possible. The aim of this study was to characterize the physical, social and cognitive activity levels of people with a stroke in a contemporary ASU. Methods: Thirty adults with stroke admitted to an ASU in Australia were observed every 10 minutes from 7.30am to 7.30pm across three days during their first week in the ASU by staff trained in behavioral mapping. The location, body position, people present, physical, social and cognitive activity occurring was recorded at each observation. Results: The mean age of participants was 76 (SD13) years, who were classified to have a mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 9) or severe (n = 4) stroke. Participants spent 91% of their time in their room, 65% in supine position, and were alone 57% of the time. Physical, social, and cognitive activity was observed in 21%, 28% and 42% of the day, with the severe group having lowest activity levels across all areas. Conclusion: Despite growing evidence recommending early activity, stroke survivors continue to spend the majority of the day inactive in the first week after stroke. An upcoming study will determine if an enriched environment can increase activity levels and reduce secondary complications in an ASU.<br />